Cystitis in medical practice is called the process of inflammation that develops in the bladder.It is common that cystitis is a female exclusive disease.But this is not true.Stronger sex representatives are also subject to the disease.About how the symptoms of cystitis in men are indicated, and how to treat it properly, and will be discussed in this article.
Anatomi information
The bladder is one of the main organs of the urinary system, which is designed to collect and release urine.In the final process, the important role is played by the walls of the organ with the basic muscle, and thanks to this they can stretch.However, the bladder mucous membranes are often injured or exposed to infectious agents.This leads to many diseases.The bottom of the bladder is called the neck.The urethra (urethra) out of the neck.Two ureter flows to the top - the channel where the urine comes from the kidneys.
Signs -to cystitis in men
Acute cystitis makes her feel, first of all, with acute pain during urination, sometimes radiant in the rectum.Especially a lot of pain shows itself at the beginning and end of the urine.In addition, symptoms of cystitis include pain in the lower abdomen, in the pubis, free from urine, but with this process they are increasing.The amount of urine emitted can be very small (10-15 ml), however, the number of desire for urination can reach several times in an hour.After the neglect Act, there is a feeling that the bladder is not completely empty.Also, with cystitis, there are often signs such as urinary incontinence, important urine.The increase in the disease is often accompanied by increased temperature, signs of body intoxication (malaise, headache).
Other symptoms of cystitis:
- The color change of the urine,
- Blood, mucus, pus or protein in the urine,
- Unpleasant urine smells.
Often, with this disease, urine reflux occurs.This is the name of the process in which the urine enters the ureter, and then to the kidneys, leading to disease with pyelonephritis.In the absence of treatment, acute cystitis turns into a chronic form.Chronic cystitis is characterized, in turn, oppression (about 2-3 times a year) replaces the remission period.During forgiveness, the symptoms of the disease do not appear.Interstitial cystitis is a severe form of chronic cystitis.With these various diseases, severity occurs very often, and patients have persistent pain in the thighs.
Diagnostics
With the presence of signs, with a high probability of indicating cystitis, you should contact the urologist.During the initial examination, doctors usually examine the patient's genitals and study the prostate gland with palpation in the anus.This allows you to establish or exclude the connection of cystitis in men with other diseases of the male genital organs.Diagnosis is primarily by the general analysis of urine.Cystitis can be determined due to its high leukocyte content.Sometimes the features that determine the presence of red blood cells, bacteria, epithelial cells, and protozoa.Also finished:
- General blood tests and biochemistry,
- Urine analysis by nechiporenko,
- Sowing urine to identify an infectious agent.
A study for the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was conducted in the event of suspicion of sexual infection.Uzi bladder is ineffective, as it requires full bladder, and with certain diseases, the patient cannot be filled.However, kidney and prostate ultrasound can be useful, as they help identify the same disease.Procedures such as cystoscopy, urodynamic studies, uroflowography (high -urine parameters study through the urethra), MRI was performed.Cistoscopy is a type of endoscopic examination.It helps identify stones and neoplasms in the bladder, as well as take Biopath for analysis.Cystitis must be distinguished from diseases such as bladder tumors and prostate glands.
Cystitis: What's up for a man
Cystitis is an inflammatory disease, consisting of irritation and damage to the bladder wall.Cystitis is actually women more likely to suffer.About 2-3 out of 10 fair sex representatives at least once in the life suffering from the disease.For male representatives, only 1% have cystitis in any form.In most cases, this is a 45 -year -old man.The difference in the frequency of disease between gender is explained by physiological differences in their genitouriner organ structure.First of all, men have very long and winding urethra.But the walls of the urethra are a very difficult barrier for pathogenic microorganisms, as immune cells are active in it.In addition, in the male body, the urethra holes are very far from the anus, therefore, it is excluded to enter the pathogenic microflora tract of the anus.
However, the infection can enter the bladder not only from the outside through the urethra.In some cases, cystitis in men is due to kidney or prostate disease.In general, cystitis does not always have an infectious nature.However, if we talk about infectious cystitis, then it is usually bacterial cystitis, less frequent - fungus.Even less frequent cystitis is caused by multicellular parasites.Often, contagious cystitis occurs as a result of E. coli action (80%).The agent of the disease can also be:
- Pseudomonal sticks,
- Staphylococcus,
- Proteus,
- Gonococcus,
- Chlamydia,
- Trichomonades,
- Mycoplasma.
Cystitis can be a complication of tuberculosis
Infectious cystitis caused by Trichomonas, Chlamydia, Mycoplasmas, Gonococci, Koch Sticks, is called special.And non -specific cystitis is a disease caused by pathogenic bacteria that is constantly strengthening in the body.The rare varieties of cystitis are caused by purple, actinomycosis and schistosomosis.The path of pathogenic microorganisms falling into the bladder can be different.Depending on it, cystitis is divided into decreased, increased, lymphogen and hematogen.The choice of infection (from the urethra) in male patients is relatively rare.Cystitis in men is most frequent (in the case of kidney infection), as well as hematogen and lymphogenic.There is also a non -recent cystitis.They can be caused:
- the operation or diagnostic procedure of the bladder;
- The effects of radiation on the body, for example, with the radiation therapy of the prostate gland;
- Bladder injury by foreign bodies, for example, stone;
- Chemicals are released in the urine and cause irritation of the bubble mucous membrane.
Also, the cyst is divided into primary and secondary.In the first case, the disease begins on its own, directly in the bladder.In the second nerve is caused by some other pathological processes in the body.Secondary cystitis, in turn, is divided into intrauphic cystitis and incredible origin.For example, the stones in the bladder and neoplasms of this organ are intracular causes, and other organ diseases (prostate adenomas, pyelonephritis) are extracurricular.If the inflammation area is a urinary triangle, then the cystitis is called a trigonite.Also, depending on the location of the inflammation, cervical cystitis and absorbed secretion.With cervical cystitis, only inflammation is observed on the bladder neck.The form of the spread of the disease is indicated in inflammation of the entire wall of the organ.Depending on how many bubble walls are hit, the following forms of cystitis are distinguished:
- Catarrhal,
- hemorrhagic,
- Cystic,
- ulcerative,
- flegmonous,
- Gangrenous.
The lightest shape, which only affects the surface layer of the wall, is catarrhal.In the case of gangrenous shapes, the pathological process leads to the necrotic walls of the walls.To determine the level of the disease, cystoscopy is used with subsequent biopsy.Factors contributing to the appearance of cystitis in men:
- body hypothermia;
- reduction of immunity;
- pressure;
- Delayed urine, rare bladder bladder;
- kidney disease, prostate;
- does not comply with the rules of personal hygiene;
- Diseases accompanied by the focus of infection (tonsilitis, sinusitis, furunculosis, dental disease, etc.);
- spinal injury;
- Diabetes mellitus;
- Alcohol abuse.
Cystitis complications can be paicyistic (tissue inflammation of the bladder), pyelonephritis, bladder wall sclerosis, bubble wall perforation, kidney inflammation (due to bubble reflux reflux).
Treatment of cystitis
Treatment is carried out, as a rule, at home.Directions to hospitals in acute cystitis are possible if a form of hemorrhagic or gangrenous disease develops or acute urinary retention is observed.The method of treatment of cystitis is mainly medicine.Although other techniques can be used, for example, physiotherapy (UHF, electrophoresis, ultrasound, magnetic and laser therapy, dirt), rinsing the bladder with antimicrobial effects.If the disease is accompanied by high temperatures, then the patient needs a bed rest.The heat attachment to the thigh area (except for hemorrhagic and tuberculosis cystitis) is indicated.
An important element of treatment is diet.Patients are contraindicated in salted, fatty, fried, acute and acidic foods, alcohol.Instead, it is necessary to take more diuretics.Many vegetables and fruits have such properties: watermelon, watermelon, cherries, cucumbers.Fruit drinks -apple, cranberries and lingonberries are also recommended -they improve the anti -adhesive properties of the bladder mucous membranes, that is, making it difficult to attach bacteria to the bubble wall.Phytocha and Lingonberry have an undeniable benefit.It is important not to forget about a lot of drinks - patients should drink at least 2 liters of pure water daily.During the severity of cystitis, it is recommended to leave smoking.Surgical treatment is used in the case of gangrene cystitis, chronic cystitis caused by prostate adenoma.
Medicines for the treatment of male cystitis
Drug therapy can be etiotropic, or symptoms.Etiotropic therapy is intended to overcome pathogenic organisms - pathogens of disease.The purpose of symptom treatment is to relieve unpleasant symptoms - pain and cramps.If the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection, then the course of taking antibiotics is required.Often used the drug of the fluoroquinolone group. The duration of entry is usually a week.Before choosing an antibiotic therapy scheme, it is necessary to conduct a study on the type of pathogen and resistance to antibiotics.Preparation with anti -antibacterial plants and antibacterial components, grassy grass, boiling horsetail and St.John is also often used.Another class of drugs used for this disease is antispasmodic that helps relieve cramps and is caused by pain.To reduce the symptoms of pain and inflammation, NSAIDs are also used.With severe pain, novocaine blockade is used.It is also recommended to take vitamins - to increase the body's resistance.
Prevention
The fact that men rarely experience cystitis does not mean that strong -half representatives cannot be kept in the mind of the disease, not only very unpleasant and reduce the quality of life, but also potentially fatal with the absence of proper therapy (from gangrene cystitis. However, preventive measures are easy -you should monitor your diagnosis, prevent hypothermia,Sinusitis, pulpites and tonsillitis, regularly visiting urologists and urologists.